Synonym: Vitamin B12.
Biologically active cobalamin and not cobalamin analogues (which do not bind to intrinsic factor).
Method(s): Microbiological assay, using colistin sulphate-resistant strain of Lactobacillus leichmannii (1). The assay has been adopted to a microtiter plate format and is carried out by a robotic workstation. Notably, samples containing antibiotic(s) that inhibit(s) the growth of Lactobacillus leichmannii may cause assay interference.
Cobalamin deficiency or assessment of cobalamin status (2).
Patient/subject: Some antibiotics may inhibit growth of of Lactobacillus leichmannii, and may cause artificial, low cobalamin levels.
Matrix: Serum or plasma.
Volume: Minimum volume is 100 µL, but 250 µL is optimal and allows reanalysis.
Preparation and stability: Cobalamin is light sensitive, but is stable for years in samples frozen at -20 °C or below.
Frozen, on dry ice. (for general instruction on transportation, click here.)
Reported values: > 150 pmol/L.
Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC): 0.82.
1. Kelleher, B.P., and Broin, S.D. (1991). Microbiological assay for vitamin B12 performed in 96-well microtitre plates. J Clin Pathol 44, 592-95.
2. Green, R., Allen, L.H. Bjørke-Monsen, A-L., Brito, A., Gueant, J-L. Miller, J.W., Nexo, E., Stabler, S., Toh, B-H., Ueland, P.M. and Yajnik, C. (2017). Vitamin B12 deficiency. Nat Rev Dis Prim 3: 17040.
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Amino acids: Alanine, Arginine, Asparagine, Aspartic acid, Glutamic acid, Glutamine, Glycine, Histidine, Isoleucine, Kynurenine, Leucine, Lysine, Methionine, Ornithine, Phenylalanine, Proline, Sarcosine, Serine, Threonine, Total cysteine, Tryptophan, Tyrosine, Valine
Amino acid catabolites: 2-Aminoadipic acid, 2-Hydroxybutyrate, 3-Hydroxysiobutyrate, α-Hydroxyglutaric acid, β-Alanine, β-Aminoisobutyrate, β-Hydroxy B-methylbutyric acid, Phenylacetylglutamine
Acylcarnities: BB, C0, C2, C3, C3-DC, C4, C4-OH, C4-DC, iC5, C5-DC, C5:1, C6, C8, C10, C12, C14, C14-OH, C16, C16-OH, C18, C18-OH, C18:1, C18:2
TCA metabolites: α-Ketoglutarate, Citrate, Fumarate, Isocitrate, Lactate, Malate, Pyruvate
Ketone bodies: Acetoacetate, 3-Hydroxybutyrate
AGEs: Carboxyethyllysine, Carboxymethyllysine
Kynurenines: 3-hydroxykynurenine, 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid, Anthranilic acid, Kynurenine, Kynurenic acid, Nicotinic acid, Nicotinamide, N1-methylnicotinamide, Picolinic acid, Quinaldic acid, Quinolinic acid, Xanthurenic acid
Neopterin
Proteins: C-Reactive protein, Calprotectin, Serum Amyloid A
Ratio-derived: Kynurenine/tryptophan ratio, PAr index (PLP, PL, PA)
SCFAs: Acetate, Butyrate, Formate, Isobutyrate, Isovalerate, Propionate, Valerate, α-Methylbutyrate
Indoles: 3-Indoxyl sulfate, Imidazole propionate, Indole-3-acetamide, Indole-3-acetate, Indole-3-aldehyde, Indole-3-lactate, Indole-3-propionate
Choline metabolites: Choline, Betaine, DMG, TMAO
Amino acid derived: Phenylacetylglutamine
B-vitamins, functional markers, and methyl donors: 4-Pyridoxic acid, Betaine, Choline, Cobalamin, Flavin mononucleotide, Folate, Methylmalonic acid, N1-methylnicotinamide, Nicotinamide, Nicotinic acid, Pyridoxal, Pyridoxal 5-phosphate, Pyridoxine, Riboflavin, Thiamine, Thiamine monophosphate, Total homocysteine
Fat-soluble vitamins: 25-hydroxy vitamin D2, 25-hydroxy vitamin D3, α-Tocopherol (Vit. E), All-trans retinol (Vit. A), Phylloquinone (Vit. K1), y-Tocopherol (Vit. E)
Essential amino acids: Histidine, Isoleucine, Leucine, Lysine, Methionine, Phenylalanine, Threonine, Tryptophan, Valine
Meat and fish intake: 1-Methylhistidine, 3-Methylhistidine, B-Alanine, Creatine, Creatinine, TMAO
Tobacco use and coffee intake: Cotinine, Trans-3-hydroxycotinine, Trigonelline
Turnaround time
2-6 weeks, depending on number of samples and laboratory capacity.
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