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Vitamin E

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Updated 21/12/2022

What is measured?

alfa-tocopherol (aToc), alfa-tocopherolacetate and gamma-tocopherol (gToc).
Method(s): LC-MS/MS (1).

Indication(s)

Assessment of vitamin E status.

Specimen, collection and processing

Patient/subject: Over night fasting is recommended.
Matrix: Serum or EDTA plasma.
Volume: Minimum volume is 50 µL, but 200 µL is optimal and allows reanalysis.
Preparation and stability: Serum gel tubes must not be used. Samples should be put on ice, and protected from light.

Transportation

Protected from light, frozen, on dry ice (for general instruction on transportation, click here)

Reported values, interpretation

Reported values (aToc/gToc): 11-106/0.5-11 µmol/L.
Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) (aToc/gToc): 0.86/na.

Literature

1. Midttun, Ø., McCann, A., Aarseth, O., Krokeide, M., Kvalheim, G., Meyer, K., and Ueland, P.M. (2016). Combined measurement of 6 fat-soluble vitamins and 26 water-soluble functional vitamin markers and amino acids in 50 μL of serum or plasma by high-throughput mass spectrometry. Anal Chem 88, 10427-436.

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Cardiometabolic
Inflammation
Microbiome
Nutrition
Categories

Amino acids, amino acid catabolites, acylcarnitines, TCA metabolites, ketone bodies, AGEs

Kynurenines, proteins, ratio-derived metabolites



SCFAs, indoles, choline metabolites, amino acid derived



B-vitamins, functional markers, and methyl donors, fat-soluble vitamins, essential amino acids, meat & fish intake, tobacco use & coffee intake
Biomarkers
65
18
20
41
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Amino acids: Alanine, Arginine, Asparagine, Aspartic acid, Glutamic acid, Glutamine, Glycine, Histidine, Isoleucine, Kynurenine, Leucine, Lysine, Methionine, Ornithine, Phenylalanine, Proline, Sarcosine, Serine, Threonine, Total cysteine, Tryptophan, Tyrosine, Valine

Amino acids and catabolites: 2-Aminoadipic acid, 2-Hydroxybutyrate, 3-Hydroxysiobutyrate, α-Hydroxyglutaric acid, β-Alanine, β-Aminoisobutyrate, β-Hydroxy B-methylbutyric acid, Phenylacetylglutamine

Acylcarnities: BB, C0, C2, C3, C3, DC, C4, C4-OH , C4-DC , iC5 , C5-DC, C5:1 , C6 , C8, C10, C12, C14 , C14-OH, C16, C16-OH, C18 , C18-OH, C18:1, C18:2

TCA metabolites: α-Ketoglutarate, Citrate, Fumarate, Isocitrate, Lactate, Malate, Pyruvate, Ketone bodies, 3-Hydroxybutyrate, Acetoacetate

AGEs: Carboxyethyllysine, Carboxymethyllysine

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Kynurenines: Kynurenine, Kynurenic acid, Quinaldic acid, Anthranilic acid, 3-Hydroxykynurenine, Xanthurenic acid, 3-Hydroxyanthranilic acid, Picolinic acid, Quinolinic acid, Nicotinic acid, Nicotinamide, N1-methylnicotinamide

Neopterin

Proteins: C-Reactive protein, Calprotectin, Serum Amyloid A

Ratio-derived: Kynurenine/tryptophan ratio, PAr index (PLP, PL, PA)

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SCFAs: Acetate, Butyrate, Formate, Isobutyrate, Isovalerate, Propionate, Valerate, α-Methylbutyrate

Indoles: 3-Indoxyl sulfate, Imidazole propionate, Indole-3-acetamide, Indole-3-acetate, Indole-3-aldehyde, Indole-3-lactate, Indole-3-propionate

Choline metabolites: Choline ,Betaine, DMG, TMAO

Amino acid derived: Phenylacetylglutamine

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B-vitamins, functional markers, and methyl donors: 4-Pyridoxic acid, Betaine, Choline, Cobalamin, Flavin mononucleotide, Folate, Methylmalonic acid, N1-methylnicotinamide, Nicotinamide, Nicotinic acid, Pyridoxal, Pyridoxal 5-phosphate, Pyridoxine, Riboflavin, Thiamine, Thiamine monophosphate, Total homocysteine

Fat-soluble vitamins: 25-hydroxy vitamin D2, 25-hydroxy vitamin D3, α-Tocopherol (Vit. E), All-trans retinol (Vit. A), Phylloquinone (Vit. K1), y-Tocopherol (Vit. E)

Essential amino acids: Histidine, Isoleucine, Leucine, Lysine, Methionine, Phenylalanine, Threonine, Tryptophan, Valine

Meat and fish intake: 1-Methylhistidine, 3-Methylhistidine, B-Alanine, Creatine, Creatinine, TMAO

Tobacco use and coffee intake: Cotinine, Trans-3-hydroxycotinine, Trigonelline

Volume (ul)
150
100
200
200
Analytical technique
GC- and LC-MS/MS
LC- and MALDI-MS
GC- and LC-MS/MS
GC- and LC-MS/MS
Turnaround time (weeks)
1
1
1
1
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