BEVITAL AS

Targeted Metabolomics Services

Vitamin D

D
Updated 21/12/2022

What is measured?

Synonyms: 25-hydroxyvitamin-D3 (25OH-D3), 25-hydroxycholecalciferol, calcifediol, calcidiol; 25-hydroxyvitamin-D2 (25OH-D2), 25-hydroxyergocalciferol.
25-hydroxyvitamin-D3 and 25-hydroxyvitamin-D2 (1).
Method(s): LC-MS/MS.

Indication(s)

Assessment of vitamin D status. 25OH-D3 and 25OH-D2 are the main circulating vitamin D forms. 25OH-D3 is most abundant and the important marker of vitamin D status, whereas 25OH-D2 is detected in a small portion of individual, is mainly derived from supplements, and may be inversely related to 25OH-D3 (2).

Specimen, collection and processing

Patient/subject: Vitamin D levels show a high level of seasonality due to the influence of sunlight.
Matrix: Serum or EDTA plasma.
Volume: Minimum volume is 50 µL, but 200 µL is optimal and allows reanalysis.
Preparation and stability: Samples should be put on ice, and protected from light.

Transportation

Protected from light, frozen, on dry ice (for general instruction on transportation, click here)

Reported values, interpretation

Reported values (25OH-D3/25OH-D2): 10-280/0-60 nmol/L.
To convert from SI unit (nmol/L) to conventional unit (µg/L), multiply the SI value by the conversion factor = 0.4011. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) (25OH-D3/25OH-D2): 0.71/na.

Literature

1. Midttun, Ø., McCann, A., Aarseth, O., Krokeide, M., Kvalheim, G., Meyer, K., and Ueland, P.M. (2016). Combined measurement of 6 fat-soluble vitamins and 26 water-soluble functional vitamin markers and amino acids in 50 μL of serum or plasma by high-throughput mass spectrometry. Anal Chem 88, 10427-436.
2. Yu, S., Zhang, R., Zhou, W., Cheng, X., Cheng, Q., Xia, L., Xie, S., Yin, Y., Sun, D., et al. (2018). Is it necessary for all samples to quantify 25OHD2 and 25OHD3 using LC-MS/MS in clinical practice? Clin Chem Lab Med 56, 273-77.

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Cardiometabolic
Inflammation
Microbiome
Nutrition
Categories
Amino acids, amino acid catabolites, acylcarnitines, TCA metabolites, ketone bodies, AGEs
Tryptophan metabolites, SCFAs, proteins
SCFAs, indoles, choline metabolites, amino acid derived
B-vitamins, fat-soluble vitamins, essential amino acids, meat & fish intake, tobacco use & coffee intake
No. of biomarkers
65
17
20
41
Click to list

Amino acids

  • Alanine
  • Arginine
  • Asparagine
  • Aspartic acid
  • Glutamic acid
  • Glutamine
  • Glycine
  • Histidine
  • Isoleucine
  • Kynurenine
  • Leucine
  • Lysine
  • Methionine
  • Ornithine
  • Phenylalanine
  • Proline
  • Sarcosine
  • Serine
  • Threonine
  • Total cysteine
  • Tryptophan
  • Tyrosine
  • Valine

Amino acids and catabolites

  • 2-Aminoadipic acid
  • 2-Hydroxybutyrate
  • 3-Hydroxysiobutyrate
  • a-Hydroxyglutaric acid
  • B-Alanine
  • B-Aminoisobutyrate
  • B-Hydroxy B-methylbutyric acid
  • Phenylacetylglutamine

Acylcarnities

  • BB Butyrobetaine
  • C0 Carnitine
  • C2 Acetylcarnitine
  • C3 Propionylcarnitine
  • C3-DC Malonylcarnitine
  • C4 Butyrylcarnitine
  • C4-OH Hydroxybutyrylcarnitine
  • C4-DC Succinylcarnitine
  • iC5 Isovalerylcarnitine
  • C5-DC Glutarylcarnitine
  • C5:1 Tiglylcarnitine
  • C6 Hexanoylcarnitine
  • C8 Octanoylcarnitine
  • C10 Decanoylcarnitine
  • C12 Dodecanoylcarnitine
  • C14 Tetradecanoylcarnitine
  • C14-OH Hydroxytetradecanoylcarnitine
  • C16 Hexadecanoylcarnitine
  • C16-OH Hydroxyhexadecanoylcarnitine
  • C18 Octadecanoylcarnitine
  • C18-OH Hydroxyoctadecanoylcarnitine
  • C18:1 Octadecenoylcarnitine
  • C18:2 Octadecadienylcarnitine

TCA metabolites

  • a-Ketoglutarate
  • Citrate
  • Fumarate
  • Isocitrate
  • Lactate
  • Malate
  • Pyruvate

Ketone bodies

  • 3-Hydroxybutyrate
  • Acetoacetate

AGEs

Biomarkers included

Kynurenines

 

Proteins

  • C-Reactive protein
  • Calprotectin
  • Serum Amyloid A

Others

  • Kynurenine/tryptophan ratio
  • Neopterin
  • PAr index (PLP, PL, PA)
Biomarkers included

SCFAs

  • Acetate
  • Butyrate
  • Formate
  • Isobutyrate
  • Isovalerate
  • Propionate
  • Valerate
  • α-Methylbutyrate

Indoles

  • 3-Indoxyl sulfate
  • Imidazole propionate
  • Indole-3-acetamide
  • Indole-3-acetate
  • Indole-3-aldehyde
  • Indole-3-lactate
  • Indole-3-propionate

Choline metabolites

  • Choline
  • Betaine
  • DMG
  • TMAO

Amino acid derived

  • Phenylacetylglutamine
Biomarkers included

B-vitamins, functional markers, and methyl donors

  • 4-Pyridoxic acid
  • Betaine
  • Choline
  • Cobalamin
  • Flavin mononucleotide
  • Folate
  • Methylmalonic acid
  • N1-methylnicotinamide
  • Nicotinamide
  • Nicotinic acid
  • Pyridoxal
  • Pyridoxal 5-phosphate
  • Pyridoxine
  • Riboflavin
  • Thiamine
  • Thiamine monophosphate
  • Total homocysteine

Fat-soluble vitamins

  • 25-hydroxy vitamin D2
  • 25-hydroxy vitamin D3
  • α-Tocopherol (Vit. E)
  • All-trans retinol (Vit. A)
  • Phylloquinone (Vit. K1)
  • y-Tocopherol (Vit. E)

Essential amino acids

  • Histidine
  • Isoleucine
  • Leucine
  • Lysine
  • Methionine
  • Phenylalanine
  • Threonine
  • Tryptophan
  • Valine

Meat and fish intake

  • 1-Methylhistidine
  • 3-Methylhistidine
  • B-Alanine
  • Creatine
  • Creatinine
  • TMAO

Tobacco use and coffee intake

  • Cotinine
  • Trans-3-hydroxycotinine
  • Trigonelline
Volume (ul)
150
100
200
200
Analytical technique
GC- and LC-MS/MS
LC- and MALDI-MS
GC- and LC-MS/MS
GC- and LC-MS/MS
Turnaround time (weeks)
1
1
1
1

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