Biomarkers by GC-MS/MS
This page provides description of our biomarkers including information on indications, optimal sample collection, volume requirements, sample matrix, recommended conditions for transportation and storage, and interpretation of values.*
Platform A:
Short-chain fatty acids.
Platform B:
TCA metabolites and intermediates. Amino- and carboxylic acids.
Platform A:
Short-chain fatty acids.
- Acetate
- Butyrate
- Formate
- Isobutyrate
- Isovalerate
- Propionate
- Valerate
- α-Methylbutyrate
- β-Hydroxy β-methylbutyrate
Platform B:
TCA metabolites and intermediates. Amino- and carboxylic acids.
- 2-Aminoadipic acid
- 2-Hydroxybutyrate
- 3-Hydroxybutyrate
- 3-Hydroxyisobutyrate
- Acetoacetate
- Carboxyethyllysine
- Carboxymethyllysine
- Citrate
- Cystathionine
- Fumarate
- Glycine
- Histidine
- Isocitrate
- Kynurenines
- Lactate
- Malate
- Methionine
- Methylmalonic acid
- Ornithine
- Other amino acids: aspartic acid (Asp), glutamic acid (Glu), lysine (Lys), alanine acid (Ala), phenylalanine (Phe), isoleucine (Ile), leucine (Leu), proline (Pro), valine (Val), asparagine (Asn), glutamine (Gln), threonine (Thr), and tyrosine (Tyr).
- Phenylacetylglutamine
- Pyruvate
- Sarcosine
- Serine
- Total cysteine
- Total homocysteine
- Tryptophan
- α-Hydroxyglutaric acid
- α-Ketoglutarate
- β–AlanineÂ
- β-Aminoisobutyrate
* Reported values are not strictly normal reference range, which depends on the population, and several factors, including age, gender, ethnicity and procedures for sample handling and analytical technology. Reported values are concentrations that we and others have observed or reported in various cohorts of healthy subjects.
January 30, 2024